اختصارات الافعال المساعدة Contractions of Auxiliaries
فى هذا الدرس سوف نعرض التكوين الاساسى و المختصر للافعال المساعدة كما يلى:-
(to be (am, is, are الافعال المساعدة فى زمن المضارع .
| الجملة فى حالة النفى ( negative) | الجملة فى حالة الاثبات (affirmative) | ||
| التكوين المختصر | التكوين الاساسى | التكوين المختصر | التكوين الاساسى |
| I’m not | I am not | —- | I am |
| You‘re not you aren’t | You are not | —- | You are |
| he‘s not he isn’t | He is not | —- | He is |
| She‘s not She isn’t | She is not | —- | She is |
| It‘s not It isn’t | It is not | —- | It is |
| we‘re not we aren’t | We are not | —- | We are |
| They‘re not They aren’t | They are not | —- | They are |
(to be (was, were الافعال المساعدة فى زمن الماضى .
الجملة فى حالة النفى (negative) | الجملة فى حالة الاثبات (affirmative) | الضمائر (pronouns) | |||
| التكوين المختصر | التكوين الاساسى | التكوين المختصر | التكوين الاساسى | ||
| I wasn’t | I was not | ——- | I was | I, he, she, it | |
| We weren’t | We were not | ——– | I were | We, you, they | |
have got
| الجملة فى حالة النفى (negative) | الجملة فى حالة الاثبات (affirmative) | |||
| التكوين المختصر | التكوين الاساسى | التكوين المختصر | التكوين الاساسى | الضمائر( pronoun) |
we‘ve not got we haven’t got | we have not got | I‘ve got | I have got | I We, you, they |
| She‘s not got | She has not got | She‘s got | She has got | he, she, it |
| She hasn’t got | ||||
had got
الجملة فى حالة النفى negative | الجملة فى حالة الاثبات (affirmative) | |||
التكوين المختصر | التكوين الاساسى | التكوين المختصر | التكوين الاساسى | الضمائر( pronoun) |
We‘d not got We hadn’t got | we had not got | I‘d got | I had got | I, We, you, they He, She, it |
do
| الجملة فى حالة النفى (negative) | الجملة فى حالة الاثبات (affirmative) | |||
| التكوين المختصر | التكوين الاساسى | التكوين المختصر | التكوين الاساسى | الضمائر ( pronoun) |
| We don’t | We do not | ——— | I do | I, We, you, they |
| She doesn’t | She does not | ——– | She does | He, She, it |
did
| الجملة فى حالة النفى ( negative ) | الجملة فى حالة الاثبات (affirmative) | |||
| التكوين المختصر | التكوين الاساسى | التكوين المختصر | التكوين الاساسى | الضمائر( pronoun) |
| We didn’t | We did not | —– | We did | I, We, you, they He, She, it |
الافعال المساعدة (can, could, must, might ,will ,would ,shall ,should , ought to )
| الجملة فى حالة النفى ( negative) | الجملة فى حالة الاثبات ( (affirmative) | ||
| التكوين المختصر | التكوين الاساسى | التكوين المختصر | التكوين الاساسى |
| Can‘t | Can not | —— | can |
| couldn’t | could not | —— | could |
| mustn‘t | must not | —— | must |
| —- | might not | —— | might |
| needn’t | need not | —— | need |
| Won‘t | Will not | ll’ | will |
| Wouldn’t | Would not | d’ | would |
| Shan’t | Shall not | – | shall |
| Shouldn’t | Should not | d’ | should |
| Oughtn’t to | Ought not to | – | Ought to |
ملاحظات عامة على الدرس:-
- علامات التكوين المختصر وهى ( s ) , ( ‘d’ ) تاتى على صيغتين كالاتى :-
Ex:- he‘s = he is or he has
Ex:- he‘d = he would or he had
- نادرا ما نستخدم علامات التكوين المختصرة بعد الاسماء ( names , noun)
. Ex:- peter has got a book = Peter‘s got a book
.Ex:- The children have visited London = The children ‘ve visited London
- اذا جاءت have كفعل اساسى فى الجملة لا تاتى على صيغة مختصرة
EX :- they have breakfast at 6 O’clock
(تمت قراءة الدرس 2٬216 مرة)