رد مع اقتباس
Grammar builder
Past modals
Could have – might have – may have – must have – can't have
1- must have+ V3
تعبر عن التأكد من صحة شيء ما في الماضي أو أنه كان حقيقة أو استنتاج مؤكد
Expresses definite positive deduction in the past. (95%- 100% )
It is 1 o'clock. Ali must have left the office . He usually leaves at 12:00.
The exam was easy . He must have answered all questions.
They must have sold the old car. They have a new one now.
*************************************
Can't have – couldn't have+ V3( 0% )
تعبر عن التأكد من عدم صحة حدوث شيء ما في الماضي و أنه كان استنتاج خاطيء .
Expresses definite negative deduction in the past.
It is 11 o'clock. Ali couldn't have left the office . He usually leaves at 12:00.
The exam was difficult . He can't have answered all questions.
They couldn't have sold the old car. They still use it every day.
May – might – could have + V3(50% )
تستخدم للتعبير عن أن شيئا ما كان ممكن حدوثه في الماضي و لكننا لسنا متأكدين 100%
Expresses a deduction about a possibility in the past.
Mona is absent today. She might have gone to the doctor.
Yes, he could have sold his car. I'm not sure.
They may have gone to London . I don't know where they are.
*************************************
Should have + V3
تستخدم للتعبير عن شيء كان يجب فعله في الماضي لكنه لم يحدث
Ali didn't study hard. He failed the test.
المفضلات