من دفتر محاضراتي (1)

[the shining sun]

Slang:
Slang is more typically used among those who are outside established higher-status groups. Slang or colloquial speech, describes words or phrases that are used instead of more everyday terms among younger speakers and other groups with special interests. For example, the word "bucks" (for dollars or money) has been a slang expression for more than a hundred years, but the addition of mega- (a lot of) in megabucks is a more recent innovation.
The vernacular language:
The vernacular is a general expression for a kind of social dialect , typically spoken by lower-status groups, which is treated as non-standard since middle ages. The term 'vernacular' has been used first to describe local European languages (low prestige) inn contrast to Latin (high prestige).
AAVE = African American vernacular English
AAE = African American English.
social barriers:
social barriers are discrimination and segregation that create differences between social dialects.
Language and social context: (formal and informal speech styles and registers)
Speech style:Speech style is a social feature of language use. The most basic distinction in speech style is between formal uses and informal uses.
Formal style is when we pay more careful attention to how we are speaking and Informal style is when we pay less attention. They are sometimes described as careful style and casual style. Finally, a change from one to the other by an individual is called style-shifting.
Idiolect: Having an individual way of speaking is known as a personal dialect or idiolect.
Language and Gender:
("Do men and women speak different languages?").
Gender is the distinction in sex between the 'male' and 'female' of each species.
There are some words used only by men and some used only by women in a variety of languages for e.g. In 'Sidamo' spoken in Ethiopia, the translation of 'milk' would be 'ado' by a man but 'gurda' by a woman. In Japanese, translation of 'I' is 'boku' by man but by woman is 'atashi' or 'watashi'. Finally, in English language we use normal words for man but words with special additions with women, pairs such as (hero – heroine) and (actor – actress). This type of difference has decreased in contemporary American English as firemen and policemen have become firefighters and police officers.

[نوافي]

nice informations
I am eager to read more about this topic
thanks alot for your effort

keep on

[M.o_o.N]

thank you so much for sharing with us such information

[Petunia]

thank you sister for your sharing

best of luck

[الجنة غالية]

Thanks Alot ..
awell_warke Done
^_^

[reef2]

thaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaanx

[BloumagrieT]

السلام عليكم ورحمة الله وبركاته

the shining sun

عمل قيم ومفيد

نفع الله بكـ و بعلمكـ و فتح عليكـ وغفر لنا ولكـ

وأجزل لكـ أجر هذا العمل و مثوبته

وجعل لكـ من كل ضيق مخرجاً و من كل هم فرجاً

كل الشكــــــــــــــــر

[shu]

thank you sister for your sharing

best of luck

[the shining sun]

اسعد الله قلوبكم وامتعها
بالخير دوماً

أسعدني كثيرا مروركم وتعطيركم هذه الصفحه

وردكم المفعم بالحب والعطاء

دمتم بخير وعافية

لكم خالص احترامي

[محمدالمعشني]

thanks for your great effort an we are enthusiastic to read more about this topic

keep the good work up