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Explain the difference between deductive and inductive teaching of grammar
English grammar. can be a complicated subject-especially for those people learning English as a second language. It's a broad spectrum, and, as such, cannot be taught effectively with a single method of teaching. Most commonly, grammar is taught by a combination of inductive and deductive teaching methods. Each method has strengths and weaknesses, and each method is different from the other
Inductive teaching
Induction is a system of laying down general principles and guidelines in any walk of life. If you start at new school or go to work for a new company, there's an induction process to acquaint you with how things are done. It's the same with teaching English grammar. In order to understand how it works, you need to learn the tried and tested principles by which the rules of grammar have come about.
It's necessarily a slow method of learning, because you have to assimilate and understand a number of general rules and learn to apply them to specific conditions. It also requires a skilled teacher to present the information in a way that students of varying abilities can understand. The students work with examples of various grammar rules and attempt to work out the underlying concept for themselves. It's then explained at the end of the lesson.
Inductive teaching of grammar instills in the students the confidence to extend and apply their knowledge, but there are exceptions to all rules, and these can cause confusion. For example, the spelling rule that 'I comes before E, except after C' is an inductive principle based on numerous examples-believe, receive and relieve, deceive, for instance.
However, there are unexplained anomalies such as 'leisure.' There's no C in sight, yet the E comes first. Oh well, rules are made to be broken, aren't they?
Deductive teaching
Deduction in this context is reaching a conclusion from the evidence available, in the same way that a detective may deduce who committed a crime by evidence left at the scene. Elementary, my dear Watson!
In the case of grammar, deductive learning is only possible when you have the evidence of inductive teaching to work with, so the teacher explains a particular rule of grammar at the start of the lesson, and then structures the lesson around its application. For example, the lesson may focus on different ways of using there, their and they're.
By the end of the lesson, through working with passages of text and constructing sentences using the words, the student will have grasped that particular grammar rule. It's a faster method of learning, but critics are concerned that it does not achieve the level of understanding that the inductive method produces.
The best teachers will use a combination of inductive and deductive teaching to ensure that their students understand the complex rules of English grammar and retain the information for future use. Neither method of teaching is right or wrong - they just work best in combination
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